Tarihin Jonas Savimbi

Tarihin Jonas Savimbi

An hafi Jonas Malheiro Savimbi ranar ukku ga watan Ogusta na shekara 1934 a wani gari mai suna Munhango a jihar Bie dake tsakiyar ƙasar Angola.

Bayan makarantar sakandari a Angola, a shekara 1958 ya tashi zuwa  Portugal domin ƙarin ilimi.Ya yi karatu  a makarantar Passos Manuel ta Lisbonne babban birnin ƙasar Portugal.A nan ne ya kafa tubalin  tushe na gwagwarmayar siyasa, mussamman tare da neman ´yancin ƙasar Angola da Portugal ta yi wa mulkin mallaka.

Ya ci gaba da karatu a jami´ar Lausanne ta ƙasar Suwitzland.

Bayan ya dawo ƙasarsa Angola sai ya shiga gadan-gadan harkokin siyasa, inda aka zaɓe shi Sakatare Janar na jam´iyar FNLA.

A cikin gwagwarmayarsa da gwamnatin MPLA, cilas ya shiga gudun hijira.Tare da wasu abokansa su ka  girka gwamnatin Angola mai gudun hijira, kuma shine Ministan harakokin waje a cikin wannan gwamnati.

Ya yi amfani da wannan matsayi domin ƙulla ma´amala da shugabanin Afrika masu aƙida guda da shi, kamar misali Ahmed Sekou Toure na Guine, da Abdel Naser shugaban Masar da Kwame Nkurmah shugaban ƙasar Ghana.

A shekara 1964 Savimbi ya fita daga jam´iyar FNLA ya nemi goyan baya daga ƙasashen Aljeriya, Jamus ta Gabas, Hangri da Cekoslobakiya, domin girka sabuwar jam´iya.Ya samu horo na mussamman ta fannin dubarun yaƙi daga ƙasar China.

Ya dawo Angola a shekara 1966 inda ya jagoranci bikin ƙaddamar da sabuwar jam´iyar da ya girka wato UNITA.

Shekara ɗaya bayan wannan biki, ya sake komawa ƙasar Masar gudun hijira.Bayan ya dawo daga Masar a shekara 1968 sai ya  girka rundunar tawaye a gabacin ƙasar Angola domin yaƙar turawan mulkin mallaka da jam´iyar MPLA.

Bayan da ƙasar Angola ta samu ´yancin kanta a shekara 1975, sai Savimbi ya ajje makamai kuma UNITA ta shiga gwamnatin haɗin kan ƙasa, amma tafiya ba ta yi nisa ba,  aka koma gidan jiya noman goje.

Savimbi ya ƙara samun ƙarfi daga ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu mai taimaka masa da makamai da kuma Amurika.Ya kai ziyara farko Amurika a shekara 1981, inda shugaba Ronald Reagan ya naɗi shi matsayin madugun ´yan gwagwarmayar neman ´yanci.An ci gaba da gwabza faɗa tsakanin  dakarun Jonas Savimbi da na gwamnatin Angola har shekara 1991 inda aka rattaba hannu kan yarjeniyar zaman lafiya bisa jagorancin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na wacen lokaci wato Havier Perez de Cuellar.Jonas Savimbi ya amince ya ajje makamai kuma ya shiga takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da na ´yan Majalisar dokoki.An shirya wannan zaɓe ranar 30 ga watan Satumba na shekara 1992, amma abokin hammayarsa, wato shugaban ƙasar Angola mai ci yanzu Dos Santos ya tsere masa tun zagaye na farko.To amma Savimbi ya ce attata, bai amince da sakamakon ba,  domin akwai maguɗi a ciki.Daga nan kuma ƙasar Angola ta sake faɗawa cikin  saban rikicin tawaye.A shekara 1998 sai aka samu ɓaraka a ƙungiyar tawayen UNITA, kamar yadda hausawa ke cewa sai bango ya tsage ƙadangare ke samun wurin shiga.

Sanadiyar wannan ɓaraka gwamnati ta ƙulla ma´amala da ɓangare da ya juyawa Savimbi baya.

Wai da ɗan gari aka ci gari, saboda haka dakarun gwamnati tare da taimakon ɓangaren tawayen da ke adawa da Jonas Savimbi su ka ƙaddamar da wani gagaramin hari ga ƙungiyar tawayen UNITA ,kuma su ka sami nasara.Sun kashe Jonas Savimbi ranar 22 ga watan Febuaru na shekara 2002.

Mawallafi: Yahouza Sadissou Madobi

Edita: Mohammad Nasiru Awal