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Yaushe aka kafa yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya

July 9, 2009

Bayani akan dalilan da suka sa aka kafa yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya, da kuma ƙasashen da suka amince da ita.

https://p.dw.com/p/IkIs
Tambarin hukumar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya ta duniya (IAEA)Hoto: DW Montage

Tambaya: Fatawarmu ta wannan makon ta fito daga hannun mai sauraronmu a yau da kullum, malam Ayuba Abubakar daga Maidugri a jihar Bornon tarayyar Najeriya. Inda ya ce don Allah ku sanar da ni yaushe aka kafa yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya, kuma ƙasashe nawa ne suka rattaba hannu akan wannan yarjejeya, sannan kuma nawa ne ba su rattaba hannun ba?

Russland Atomkraftwerk in Wolgodonsk mit Kapelle
Tashar nukiliya ta ƙasar RashaHoto: RIA Novosti

Amsa: Yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya, yarjejeniya ce, da aka ƙirƙirota domin iyakance yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya a duniya, kuma ta samo asali ne shekara guda bayan da Amirka ta ƙaddamar da harin makaman nukiliya a Hiroshima da Nagasaki a shekarar 1945. Tun daga wannan lokaci ne Amirkan ta ƙuduri aniyar hana sayarwa ko kuma bayar da makaman nukiliya ga wata ƙasa.

Shekaru 23 da yin haka sai ƙasashen duniya suka shiga yin yarjejeniya ta ƙasa da ƙasa akan hana cinikin makaman nukiliya tsakanin ƙasashen duniya. Wannan ne ya sa a ranar 1 ga wata Yulin 1968, aka ƙaddamar da yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliya, domin ƙasashen duniya su ci gaba da rattaba hannu a kowanne lokaci. Kuma yanzu haka akwai kasashe 189 da tuni suka rattaba hannun akan amincewa da wannan yarjejeniya. Kodadai biyar daga cikin su sun mallaki makaman nukiliya ɗin.

Atomkraftwerk Sellafield Großbritannien
Tashar nukiliya ta ƙasar BirtaniyaHoto: AP

Ƙasashen da suka rigaya suka ratabba hannun amincewa da wannan yar jejeniya amma kuma sun mallaki makaman nikiliya sun haɗa da ƙasar Amirka da Birtaniya da Faransa da Rasha da kuma Chaina, wanda kuma sune ƙasashen da ke da wakilcin dindindin a kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.

Atomkraftwerk in China
Ofishin harkokin nukiliya na ƙasar ChainaHoto: AP

Daga cikin ƙasashe masu cikakken 'yanci a duniya, ƙasashe huɗu ne kaɗai ba su sanya hannu akan yarjejeniyar hana yaɗuwar makaman nukiliyar ba, kuma sun haɗa da ƙasar Indiya da Isra'ila da Pakistan da kuma Koriya ta Arewa. Inda ƙasar Indiya da Pakistan da Koriya ta Arewa duk sun fito fili sun yi gwajin makaman nukiliyar na su a sarari. Kuma sun bayyana ƙarara cewa, sun mallaki makaman nukiliya. Ita kuwa Isra'ila wani salo ta ɗauka na jirwaye da kamar wanka, ba ta dai fito ƙarara ta nuna nufinta a game da shirinta na makaman nukiliya ba.

Ƙasashen Ireland da Finland dai, su ne suka baiwa duniya shawarar kafa wannan yarjejeniya, su ne kuma ƙasashe na farko da suka fara rattaba hannun amincewa da ita. Yarjejeniyar dai ta ƙunshi gabatarwa da kuma sassa guda tara.

Atomkraftwerk Three Mile Island Kühltürme
Tukwanen sanyaya nukiliya na ruwa a ƙasar AmirkaHoto: AP

Ana dai sabunta yarjejeniyar duk bayan shekaru biyar. Kuma duk da cewa, da farko an tsara yarjejeniyar za ta kasance ne tsawon shekaru 25, to amma ƙasashen da suka sanya hannun gabakiɗayansu sun amince da a bar ƙofa buɗe ba tare da iyakancewa ba, ga duk ƙasar da take buƙatar sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar nan gaba.

Mawallafi: Abba Bashir

Edita: Umaru Aliyu