A glimpse into India's nomadic Banjara community
The Banjaras in India are largely marginalized from mainstream society. Historically reputed as nomadic traders, many now work as laborers and are searching for ways for their children to have a brighter future.
Nomadic roots
The Banjaras are historically a nomadic community, migrating from one place to another in search of trade. They are now scattered across various states of India. Their origins are believed be rooted in Rajasthan, northern India. The Banjara people are known by different names — in Andhra Pradesh, Lambada or Lambadi; in Karnataka, Lambani; in Rajasthan, Gwar or Gwaraiya.
Ancient travelers and traders
In the past, Banjara people were crucial in distributing salt and other essential items to inland villages throughout India. They were reputed as excellent traders. The word "banjara" is derived from "vanaj," trade, and "jara," travel.They speak Gorboli, an Indo-Aryan language made up of words from many different Indian dialects. Gorboli also varies from region to region.
Iconic dresses and jewelry
Banjara women in the village of Bansur in Rajasthan can be identified by their unique jewelry made from rupayi billalu (coins), steel and other metals. The only gold accessory they wear is the nose pin. The women's clothing also tend to be bright and colorful. Banjara women continue to design and create their own special tribal jewelry and clothing.
Discrimination in modern-day India
In India, Banjaras are listed as Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, Other Backward Class and as Denotified Tribes. A closed community, Banjara tribes today live on the fringes of society and shun publicity. Some experts consider the Romani people of Europe as descendants of India's Banjaras.
Shift in economic and cultural structures
Things are changing in Bansur village, including the Banjara way of life, their social customs and economic systems. In recent years, men have begun contractual or manual work, and more families are sending their children to state schools in the hopes that they will have a brighter future. Many children, however, end up dropping out of school to work as cattle herders due to economic pressure.
Digital integration
Until a few years ago, menstrual health and hygiene were considered taboo subjects in Banjara communities. Now, various health programs are available for Banjara women. Several NGOs are also offering digital training to help more women in Bansur become computer literate.