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勞工意識與斯塔恩斯被扣事件

2013年6月26日

一美國僱主在北京懷柔被本廠雇員扣為人質。此類事件在中國實屬罕見。德媒指出,在中國勞工世界,衝突越來越多,顯示出中國勞工自我意識增強。

https://p.dw.com/p/18wwK
Chip Starnes, the co-owner of Coral Springs, looks on from behind window bars as he is held hostage by workers inside his plant, on the outskirts of Beijing, June 25, 2013. The American executive of a company producing speciality medical supplies in China said he has been detained by workers demanding severance packages since last Friday. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (CHINA - Tags: SOCIETY BUSINESS CIVIL UNREST)
圖片來源: Reuters

(德國之聲中文網)總部位於佛羅里達州的美國專用醫療用品公司共同業主斯塔恩斯(Chip Starnes)在北京懷柔設廠多年,雇員超過100,自己掙了錢,也為解決不少中國人的溫飽問題作出一定貢獻。因薪資和遣散費糾紛,他被懷柔雇員扣為人質,至本周三(6月26日),進入第5天,雖人身安全可能無虞,但精神上所受折磨和痛苦可想而知。《商報》發自北京的一篇署名文章指出,這一事件是中國勞工個人意識越來越強的最新事例:

「中國勞工歷來好說話,但一段時間以來,廠主和工人之間的問題越來越多。因為,後者已經有了迄今所缺乏的自我意識,越來越以主動姿態解決問題。執政的共產黨不讓建立官方工會之外的獨立勞工組織,許多衝突由此逐漸產生於企業層面。……

Chip Starnes, president of Florida-based Speciality Medical Supplies, looks back as he returns to the room where he is being detained while factory workers block journalists trying to follow him after his news conference at the company's factory on the outskirts of Beijing June 26, 2013. Starnes, a U.S. executive held captive by workers in his Beijing factory since Friday, said the dispute that has kept him behind the plant's barred windows was a misunderstanding over pay. Starnes said his lawyers were in talks with the workers with mediation from the district labour administration and labour union. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (CHINA - Tags: BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT CIVIL UNREST)
行動起來的工人圖片來源: Reuters

「在這一最新事件中,當局也十分奇怪地置身度外。比如,雖然得到了扣押人質的報告,懷柔的警方依然不採取行動。警方稱,『我們不認為這是一次綁架,而是勞資糾紛』…… 。

「對僱主和雇員之間的衝突作出激烈反應,近來在中國日益頻繁。今年1月,上海神明電子公司的雇員們就在與其日本僱主發生糾紛後佔領了辦公室,並將日本經理們扣壓了整整一天。警察解救了這些經理。日本母公司曾試圖對員工入廁的最長許可時間作出規定。不過,這只不過是最終引起衝突爆發的導火索罷了。該廠普通工人的月薪水約為250歐元——在上海這樣的城市生活,這是不夠的。

Flags belonging to the U.S. and China flutter through a closed gate at a factory where Chip Starnes, the co-owner of Coral Springs, is being held hostage, on the outskirts of Beijing, June 25, 2013. The American executive of a company producing speciality medical supplies in China said he has been detained by workers demanding severance packages since last Friday. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (CHINA - Tags: SOCIETY CIVIL UNREST BUSINESS)
斯塔恩斯在懷柔所建工廠房頂上飄揚的美中兩國國旗圖片來源: Reuters

「斯塔恩斯自認為是公平的僱主。他在中國安排生產兩組產品,都是用於糖尿病人的保健用具:消毒棉球和抽血器具。棉球繼續在中國生產,用於抽血的針轉移至印度製造。斯塔恩斯從被扣壓房間的窗口發出保證說,『在這裡(懷柔)的就業崗位將保留』。他顯得十分絕望。」

兩洋戰略

根據時間表,投資25億美元的中國石油天然氣集團公司(中石油)在緬甸馬德島(Maday Island)的深水港、石油天然氣管道項目將從2014年起部分啟動經營。該項目遭到當地不少居民的反對。6月26日一期的《南德意志報》在政治欄目上刊登一篇署名文章指出,馬德島項目是中國「兩洋戰略」的組成部分:

「隨著這一港口和油氣管道的建成,中國便有了替代馬六甲海峽的一個選項。迄今,這個亞洲強國80%的原油需求須經這個運輸繁忙的海峽。該海峽位於蘇門答臘和馬來西亞半島之間,繞經新加坡。一旦發生衝突,這一航道易遭對手封鎖。中國早已認識到了這一軟肋。經由緬甸的這條新通道使年運輸2200萬噸原油成為可能,並明顯減少中國對於馬六甲海峽的依賴程度。此外,經由此條新通道,每年可獲得多達120億立方米的天然氣。緬甸自己利用的將是其中的一小部分。分析家們強調了這一輸送管道之於中國的戰略意義。他們指出,經由緬甸的通道是那個被稱為『兩洋(太平洋、印度洋)戰略』的更大計劃的一部分。……美國人卡普蘭甚至認為,中國是否能成為世界一流強國,取決於它是否能擴大其在印度洋的存在」。

A picture made available on 03 June 2013 shows a general view of the deep sea port on Maday Island part of a pipeline project in Kyauk Phyu, Rakhine state, Myanmar, 29 May 2013. Myanmar's 800 km long natural gas pipeline from the country's western coast to the Myanmar-China border has been completed on schedule, officials said 03 June 2013. 'The Myanmar-China natural gas pipeline has been finished and is ready for trial operations,' said an official of the state-owned Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE), which commissioned the Chinese built 2.5 billion US dollar project to lay two pipeline across central Myanmar. A second pipeline to deliver oil to Yunnan, southern China, is 97 percent complete and scheduled to start flowing in September or October, the official said. Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise, under the Ministry of Energy, signed a deal with China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) to form a joint venture to build the two Myanmar pipelines on 26 March 2009. EPA/STR pixel Schlagworte pixel Überschrift Myanmar completes 800... Personen Kontinent - Land Birma Provinz - Ort Maday Island pixel Rechtliche Daten Bildrechte Verwendung nur in Deutschland Besondere Hinweise - Rechtevermerk
馬德島港圖片來源: picture-alliance/dpa

摘編:凝煉

責編:雨涵

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