Tushen kungiyar al-Shabab ta kasar Somaliya

Tun bayan hambarar da tsohon shugaban Somaliya Mohamed Sa'id Bare a shekara ta 1991 ne dai, kasar ta fada cikin yakin basasa, musamman a tsakanin haulolin da ke kasar, wanda kuma ke ci gaba da janyo mutuwar dubun dubatan jama'a har ya zuwa wannan lokacin.

Shiga tsakanin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi - a karon farko cikin shekara ta 1995, ya gaza warware matsalar, inda a kokarin gudanar da rayuwa ta yau da kullum kamar sauran jama'a, al'ummar kasa ta koma ga hukumomin addini domin warware takaddama da ta shafi harkokin kasuwanci da na zamantakewa, tare da bullo da wasu kotunan shari'a da ke kula da wadannan batutuwa, inda kotunan suka yi nasarar kawar da mayakan haulolin da ke da iko a Mogadishu, babban birnin kasar, kuma suka karbi ragamar mulki a shekara ta 2006.

Dalilan hare haren kungiyar al-Shabab

Sai dai kokarin da reshen masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na kungiyar suka yi na mamaye yankin Ogaden da ke kasar Ethiopia ya janyo martani daga dakarun Ethiopia da suka samu goyon bayan na Amirka wajen fatattakarsu, kuma shiga tsakanin na biyu na sojin ketare a cikin sha'anin Somaliyar, bai sami karbuwa ba ga 'yan kasar, domin kuwa hatta wasu da ke da sassaucin ra'ayi ma sun nuna adawa da matakin. Marks Hoehne, da ke nazarin harkokin da suka shafi Somaliya na tsawon shekaru 12 a cibiyar Max- Planck da ke Halle na nan Jamus, ya ce tun fil azal ma akwai masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a kasar:

Ya ce "Yaki da ta'addanci a Somaliya ne ya karfafa ta'addancin. Dama akwai tushen hakan a Somaliya. Ba wai 'yan Ethiopia ko kuma Amirka ne suka haddasa ta'asdancin ba. Amma kananan kungiyoyin da ke da tsattsauran ra'ayi ne suka ingiza sha'anin ta'addancin har ya fito fili, suka kuma janyo gazawar shirin yaki da ta'addanci a Somaliya."

Masu kai hari a cikin kungiyar al-Shabab

Bayan jayewar dakarun Ethiopia daga Somaliya a shekara ta 2009, al-Shabab ta ci gaba da gwabza yaki da dakarun gwamnatin wucin gadin kasar ta wancan lokacin. Mehari Maru na cibiyar nazarin harkokin tsaro da ke birnin Addis Ababa na Ethiopia, ya dora alhakin hare haren da kungiyar ke kaddamar wa a kan masu tsattsauran ra'ayin da a yanzu ke jan ragamarta:

Ya ce "Sauran mayakan da ke biyayya ga kungiyar al-shabab, wadanda ba su da tsattsauran ra'ayi, amma sun rungumi kungiyar ne saboda ita ce kawai wadda ke kula da harkokin tsaro da tabbatar da bin doka da oda, tuni suka fice daga kungiyar. Saboda haka, wadanda suka rage kuma, mayaka ne da ke da akidu irin na kasa da kasa, wadanda ke karban umarni daga kungiyar al-Qa'ida."

Rahotanni daga ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amirka dai na nuni da cewar, tun a shekara ta 2007 ne kungiyar ke bayar da horo ga mayakan ketare 'yan Amirka, kuma kutsen da kungiyar ta yi cikin kasar Kenya domin sace wasu 'yan ketare, ya sa gwamnatin Kenya daura yaki da ita, harma ta tura dakarunta zuwa Somaliya.

Al-shabab ta mayar da martani ta hanyar hare haren sari ka noken da take kai wa Kenya, harma da kasar Uganda, wadda ita ma ta aike da dakarunta zuwa kasar ta Somaliya, wanda kuma ya janyo mutuwar jama'a da dama.

Masana dai na kwatanta harin baya bayannan da kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai wa a cibiyar kasuwanci ta Westgate da ke birnin Nairobin Kenya, a matsayin wani bangare ne na alkawarin da ta yi na ci gaba da yakar Kenya har sai ta janye dakarunta daga Somaliya.

Mawallafi : Kriesch, Adrian / Saleh Umar Saleh
Edita : Mohammad Nasir Awal