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Kongamano la kutafuta utulivu Somalia

7 Mei 2013

Wajumbe kutoka nchi na mashirika hamsini wanakutana jijini London hii leo (07.05.2013) katika kongamano la kimataifa linalolenga kuizuia Somalia isitumbukie tena katika lindi la machafuko na ukosefu wa usalama

https://p.dw.com/p/18TLX
A handout picture taken and released by the African Union-United Nations Information Support team on February 28, 2013 shows a young Somali boy (C) greeting a Ugandan soldier serving with the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) in the central Somali town of Buur-Hakba following it's capture the day before from the Al-Qaeda-affiliated extremist group Al Shabaab by the Somali National Army (SNA), supported by AMISOM forces. The strategically important town linking the capital Mogadishu and the hinterlands of central Somalia was liberated without a shot being fired, marking a significant loss for the group. Under the Shabaab's repressive and violent rule, social and leisure past-times such as football were banned in every form including watching and playing. The town, located 64kms east of Baidoa, Somalia's second city, was a stronghold of the Shabaab where they extorted high levies of illegal taxation on the local civilian populations and used it as a base from where they planned and launched attacks against government forces and installations, AMISOM and the Somali population. Buur-Hakba is the latest in a string of notable territorial losses for the extremist group to SNA and AMISOM forces over the last 18 months, which has seen their area of influence and control over towns and areas across Somalia steadily and rapidly decrease. AFP PHOTO / AU-UN IST PHOTO / STUART PRICE RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE - MANDATORY CREDIT "AFP PHOTO / AU-UN IST PHOTO / STUART PRICE" - NO MARKETING NO ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS - DISTRIBUTED AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS (Photo credit should read STUART PRICE/AFP/Getty Images)
Bildergalerie Somalia Sicherheitslage Kind und Soldat 2013Picha: STUART PRICE/AFP/Getty Images

Waziri Mkuu wa Uingereza David Cameron na Rais wa Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud wanahudhuria kongamano hilo kwa pamoja, ambalo linatarajiwa kutoka na maazimio ya kuimarisha usalama katika nchi hiyo ya eneo la pembe ya Afrika iliyoharibiwa na vita. Mkutano huo wa kilele kuhusu Somalia unayaleta pamoja mashirika kama vile Umoja wa Mataifa, Umoja wa Afrika, Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa na nchi jirani za Somalia ili kuzijadili mbinu za kuijenga upya nchi hiyo iliyoharibiwa na vita.

Ofisi ya Mambo ya Kigeni ya Uingereza imesema kuwa mkutano huo kuhusu Somalia unalenga kuzijadili hatua kubwa zilizopigwa katika kipindi cha mwaka mmoja uliopita na kukubaliana kuhusu msaada wa kimataifa utakaoratibiwa kuisaidia mipango ya Somalia ya kujenga uimara wa kisiasa kwa kuimarisha usalama, polisi, idara ya mahakama na mifumo ya usimamizi wa fedha za umma.

Serikali mpya inayoongozwa na Rais Hassan Sheikh Mohamud inakabiliwa na kitisho cha usalama
Serikali mpya inayoongozwa na Rais Hassan Sheikh Mohamud inakabiliwa na kitisho cha usalamaPicha: ABDURASHID ABDULLE ABIKAR/AFP/GettyImages

Sehemu kubwa za nchi zinakaliwa na makundi hasimu ya wapiganaji yanayoipuuza serikali dhaifu ya Mogadishu, wakati maharamia wanaohudumu katika pwani ya Somalia wakiwa bado tatizo kubwa kwa shughuli za kimataifa za baharini.

Kongamano hilo linafuatia yake yaliyoandaliwa jijini London mnamo Februari 2012 na Istanbul miezi minne baadaye. Cameron amesema licha ya hatua zilizopigwa na serikali ya Somalia tangu wakati huo, bado kuna changamoto kubwa. Amesema ujumbe katika mkutano wa huu wa pili wa kilele jijini London utakuwa wazi: Hataikubalia Somalia kurudi nyuma.

Rais wa Kenya Uhuru Kenyatta, ambaye anakabiliwa na mashitaka ya uhalifu dhidi ya binaadamu katika mahakama ya Kimataifa ICC, pia yuko jijini London kwa mkutano huo mkuu. Somalia imekumbwa na mgogoro tangu mwaka wa 1991 lakini serikali mpya inayoungwa mkono na Umoja wa Mataifa ilichukua madaraka mwezi Septemba, na kumaliza takriban mwongo mmoja wa utawala wa mpito.

Watu kumi waliuawa mwishoni mwa wiki katika mlipuko wa bomu mjini Mogadishu
Watu kumi waliuawa mwishoni mwa wiki katika mlipuko wa bomu mjini MogadishuPicha: Reuters

Umoja wa Mataifa umeuunga mkono uongozi mpya nchini Somalia wakati Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa Jan Eliasson akisema kuwa Umoja huo unataka kuziweka juhudi zake nyingi katika miradi ya maendeleo badala ya msaada wa kiutu huku nchi hiyo ikiendelea kujikwamua kutokana miongo miwili vita, machafuko na baa la njaa.

Wakati usalama ukiimarika mjini Mogadishu, Jumapili iliyopita mlipuaji wa kujitoa mhanga aliligongesha gari lililojaa mabomu ndani ya msafara wa mafari yaliyokuwa na ujumbe wa Qatar, na kuwauwa takribani Wasomali wanane. Kundi la kigaidi la Al-Shabaab lenye mafungamano na mtandao wa kigaidi wa al-Qaeda lilidai kuhusika na mashambulizi hayo. Waziri Mkuu wa Uingereza David Cameron na Rais wa Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud watafanya mkutano wa pamoja wa waandishi habari baada ya kongamano hilo kukamilika leo.

Mwandishi: Bruce Amani/AFP/Reuters

Mhariri: Mohammed Khelef